Africa does not have a unified plug and socket standard, as different countries historically adopted systems influenced by colonial ties or regional preferences. Below is an overview of common plug types, voltages, and frequencies across the continent:
1. Common Plug Types
- Type C (Europlug):
- Description: Two round pins (ungrounded).
- Usage: Widely used in North Africa (e.g., Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) and parts of sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Cameroon, Senegal). Often found alongside other standards.
- Type D (BS 546):
- Description: Three large round pins in a triangular pattern.
- Usage: Found in former British colonies like Namibia, Ghana, and Nigeria (though increasingly phased out in favor of Type G).
- Type G (BS 1363):
- Description: Three rectangular pins (UK standard).
- Usage: Common in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and parts of Nigeria.
- Type M (BS 546):
- Description: Three large round pins, similar to Type D but with larger pins.
- Usage: Predominant in South Africa, Eswatini, Lesotho, and Mozambique.
- Type F (Schuko):
- Description: Two round pins with side grounding clips.
- Usage: Occasionally seen in countries with European ties, such as Morocco or Algeria.
- Type E (French):
- Description: Two round pins + a grounding pin (female socket).
- Usage: Used in Côte d’Ivoire, Senegal, and Madagascar.
2. Voltage and Frequency
- Voltage: Most African countries use 220–240V, aligning with European standards. Exceptions historically included Libya (127V), but many nations have transitioned to 230V.
- Frequency: 50Hz is standard continent-wide.
3. Regional Variations
- North Africa: Type C and Type F are common (e.g., Egypt, Tunisia).
- Southern Africa: Type M dominates in South Africa, while neighboring countries like Botswana or Zimbabwe may mix Type D, G, or M.
- East Africa: Type G (UK-style) is prevalent in Kenya, Rwanda, and Tanzania.
- West Africa: A mix of Type C, D, E, and G (e.g., Nigeria uses Type D and G; Senegal uses Type C and E).
4. Travel Tips
- Carry a universal adapter supporting Type C, D, G, and M.
- Verify voltage compatibility for devices (e.g., US 110V appliances may require a converter).
- Check country-specific standards before travel, as rural areas may have inconsistent infrastructure.
5. Notable Exceptions
- Ethiopia: Uses Type C, E, F, and L (Italian-style).
- Madagascar: Mixes Type C, E, and J (Swiss-style).
- South Africa: Officially adopted Type N (similar to Brazil) in 2013, but Type M remains widespread.
For precise details, consult resources like the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) or travel advisories for individual countries.
Post time: Mar-18-2025